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👥 Space Utilization and Emergent Behaviors in Group vs. Single Pedestrians

Overview:
This study investigates how group and single pedestrians utilize space and exhibit collective behaviors in complex indoor environments. Using large-scale real-world trajectory data from the ATC dataset, we perform a comparative analysis of spatial occupancy, movement patterns, and behavioral interactions between groups and individuals. The study reveals distinct emergent phenomena such as lane formation, area preference, and cooperative avoidance within group motion, compared to solitary movement dynamics.

Figure: Heatmap visualization of spatial occupancy showing differences between group and single pedestrian movements.

🔍 Key Findings

• Group pedestrians exhibit higher spatial concentration and coordinated turning behavior.
• Single pedestrians display broader spatial dispersion and higher variability in motion angles.
• Emergent collective patterns (flocks, convoys, and swarms) arise dynamically based on local density and interaction strength.

📄 Preprint Information

This work extends ongoing research on data-driven agent-based pedestrian simulation and contributes new insights into collective spatial behavior and crowd space utilization metrics.

How to Cite

S. Amartaivan and H. Morita, "Comparative Study on Space Utilization and Emergent Behaviors of Group and Single Pedestrians," arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.18939, 2025.